(Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation)

Laser energy is the energy that electrons in the atoms release when they return to their basic positions after exciation with electric energy. Laser device is a device that converts different forms of energy, mainly ekectric energy into optical energy. After years of experimental studies, it has been started to be used in gynecological application in 1972 for the first time. Doctors named Bruhat and Tadir have ushered a new era in gynecological surgery by using CO2 laser in laparoscopy for the first time in 1979.

Light energy is an electromagnetic wave formed of atomic structures. Atoms in basal states have some amount of energy. These atoms can be excited by stimulating them with chemical, optical or electric energy. Excited atoms release light energy while they return to their basal states. However, there are some differences between normal light energy and laser energy. The most important property of laser energy is its not being radiated when diverging from its source like normal light energy; it reaches the target surface with the same diameter and intensity. Light energy loses its power and intensity at a certain distance, but laser energy maintains this property. In addition, it can be reflected by various mirrors and transported to the target surface with a given angle, without energy loss.

Laser beam leads to increase in temperature like light energy when it reaches the tissue surface. This temperature increase is proportional to the energy intensity per unit surface, but inversely proportional to the diameter of the laser beam. The increase in temperature establishes the usage principle in medicine. With the laser energy that the surgeon controls, processes like incision, burning and stopping the bleeding can be performed on the intraabdominal organs.